近年來，邊緣(yuan)(yuan)計(ji)算(suan)成為國(guo)內外通信服務提(ti)供(gong)商(shang)的 新寵 ，針對(dui)邊緣(yuan)(yuan)計(ji)算(suan)展開(kai)的測試(shi)和驗證(zheng)也(ye)越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)多(duo)，邊緣(yuan)(yuan)計(ji)算(suan)也(ye)成為國(guo)內外通信服務提(ti)供(gong)商(shang)進行網絡轉(zhuan)型(xing)的重要(yao)選擇。

運營商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)轉(zhuan)型與(yu)5G時代業(ye)務(wu)模式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)變息息相關。在(zai)(zai)3G、4G時代，因為(wei)(wei)OTT（Over The Top）全面崛起，以(yi)(yi)應用服務(wu)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場和商(shang)(shang)業(ye)模式(shi)迅(xun)速擠(ji)占(zhan)了通(tong)信服務(wu)提(ti)(ti)供商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)價值。作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)我國(guo)(guo)混改(gai)的(de)(de)(de)先鋒，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)希望以(yi)(yi)5G為(wei)(wei)契機，致力(li)于從 管道 提(ti)(ti)供者(zhe)轉(zhuan)型為(wei)(wei)產(chan)業(ye)整合者(zhe)和業(ye)務(wu)提(ti)(ti)供商(shang)(shang)。為(wei)(wei)實現成(cheng)(cheng)功轉(zhuan)型，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)要(yao)做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)第一步是網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)架構面向全云(yun)化演進(jin)(jin)。而借助云(yun)化技(ji)術構建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)計算平(ping)臺，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)有(you)望實現靈活的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)功能部(bu)署(shu)(shu)，并加速固定和移動網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)融合基(ji)礎設施的(de)(de)(de)架構演進(jin)(jin)。目(mu)前中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)已經走(zou)在(zai)(zai)了邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)計算規(gui)劃和部(bu)署(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)前列，2017年(nian)底的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)津邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)云(yun)測(ce)試(shi)床建(jian)設正(zheng)是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)為(wei)(wei)構建(jian)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)計算平(ping)臺做(zuo)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)探索。采用MEC組(zu)網(wang)(wang)和邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)云(yun)組(zu)網(wang)(wang)方(fang)式(shi)2017年(nian)底，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)聯(lian)(lian)合英特(te)爾、中(zhong)興通(tong)訊、騰(teng)訊視頻等合作(zuo)(zuo)伙伴在(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)津建(jian)設成(cheng)(cheng)規(gui)模較大的(de)(de)(de)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（Edge Data Center）測(ce)試(shi)床，并正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)推進(jin)(jin)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)vCDN、邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)解碼以(yi)(yi)及邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)智能等多種邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)業(ye)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)署(shu)(shu)和測(ce)試(shi)工作(zuo)(zuo)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)津邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數據中(zhong)心(xin)測(ce)試(shi)床選擇在(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)津寶坻大學城進(jin)(jin)行部(bu)署(shu)(shu)，目(mu)前連(lian)接了7個(ge)LTE基(ji)站，占(zhan)據了天(tian)(tian)(tian)津寶坻聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)30%的(de)(de)(de)話務(wu)量(liang)。由于此次(ci)(ci)測(ce)試(shi)床的(de)(de)(de)搭(da)建(jian)在(zai)(zai)整個(ge)產(chan)業(ye)界尚屬首(shou)次(ci)(ci)，經過參與(yu)各方(fang)多次(ci)(ci)論證(zheng)，最終(zhong)得出(chu)了一套(tao)適合現網(wang)(wang)部(bu)署(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)案。

圖(tu)1 中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)天(tian)津邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)云(yun)(yun)測試(shi)床整體(ti)組(zu)網(wang)方案和(he)以往邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)機(ji)房大(da)(da)多由傳(chuan)輸設備形成的(de)組(zu)網(wang)方案不(bu)同，天(tian)津邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數據(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)新(xin)增了兩類物理(li)節點，一(yi)是MEC服(fu)務(wu)(wu)器(qi)，二(er)是由多臺(tai)英(ying)(ying)(ying)特(te)爾架(jia)構(gou)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)器(qi)構(gou)建的(de)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)云(yun)(yun)。MEC服(fu)務(wu)(wu)器(qi)承擔(dan)本地(di)分流功能(neng)，可以把(ba)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分的(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)導向到(dao)(dao)(dao)本地(di)網(wang)絡（或(huo)園區網(wang)、企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)網(wang)）中(zhong)(zhong)，或(huo)者分流到(dao)(dao)(dao)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)云(yun)(yun)上部(bu)(bu)署(shu)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)，從而極大(da)(da)地(di)緩解(jie)對(dui)(dui)核(he)心(xin)網(wang)的(de)帶寬壓(ya)力(li)(li)，減(jian)少傳(chuan)輸時(shi)延；邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)云(yun)(yun)節點部(bu)(bu)署(shu)了OpenStack，實現(xian)了計(ji)算、存儲、網(wang)絡資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)虛擬化(hua)，從而支(zhi)撐(cheng)不(bu)同本地(di)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)的(de)靈活彈性(xing)資(zi)源(yuan)調(diao)度。具體(ti)來(lai)說，MEC服(fu)務(wu)(wu)器(qi)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)興通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)提(ti)供的(de)ZXRAN U9003通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)融合服(fu)務(wu)(wu)器(qi)，它是集計(ji)算、存儲和(he)網(wang)絡為(wei)一(yi)體(ti)的(de)融合硬件平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)。邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)云(yun)(yun)節點則采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了英(ying)(ying)(ying)特(te)爾至強處(chu)理(li)器(qi)，其在(zai)(zai)性(xing)能(neng)、通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)性(xing)、穩定性(xing)和(he)可擴(kuo)展性(xing)方面(mian)的(de)優(you)(you)勢，可支(zhi)撐(cheng)多樣化(hua)的(de)工作負載環境。值得一(yi)提(ti)的(de)是，在(zai)(zai)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)云(yun)(yun)的(de)能(neng)力(li)(li)優(you)(you)化(hua)方面(mian)，考慮到(dao)(dao)(dao)未來(lai)數據(ju)面(mian)的(de)下(xia)(xia)沉以及最(zui)大(da)(da)化(hua)發揮邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)云(yun)(yun)的(de)本地(di)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)處(chu)理(li)能(neng)力(li)(li)，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)還聯(lian)(lian)合英(ying)(ying)(ying)特(te)爾針對(dui)(dui)其硬件性(xing)能(neng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)了優(you)(you)化(hua)，包括(kuo)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)英(ying)(ying)(ying)特(te)爾智能(neng)網(wang)卡增強流量快速卸載能(neng)力(li)(li)，以及利用(yong)(yong)DPDK（Data Plane Developers Kit）技術提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)網(wang)絡處(chu)理(li)性(xing)能(neng)等。移(yi)動(dong)vCDN測試(shi)效果最(zui)為(wei)顯著中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)計(ji)劃對(dui)(dui)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)計(ji)算平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)可以承載的(de)主要業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)場(chang)景，都在(zai)(zai)天(tian)津邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數據(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)測試(shi)床進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)測試(shi)部(bu)(bu)署(shu)和(he)驗證(zheng)，為(wei)未來(lai)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)商用(yong)(yong)部(bu)(bu)署(shu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)準備。例如移(yi)動(dong)CDN下(xia)(xia)沉、VR/AR、視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)優(you)(you)化(hua)、車聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)等場(chang)景。在(zai)(zai)前期天(tian)津測試(shi)床進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)的(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)場(chang)景測試(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，在(zai)(zai)移(yi)動(dong)vCDN方面(mian)取得了初步成果。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)將CDN部(bu)(bu)署(shu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)移(yi)動(dong)網(wang)絡內(nei)部(bu)(bu)，比如借助MEC平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的(de)部(bu)(bu)署(shu)將vCDN下(xia)(xia)沉到(dao)(dao)(dao)運(yun)營(ying)商的(de)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數據(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)，將大(da)(da)大(da)(da)緩解(jie)傳(chuan)統網(wang)絡的(de)壓(ya)力(li)(li)，并且提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)移(yi)動(dong)用(yong)(yong)戶視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)的(de)體(ti)驗。對(dui)(dui)此中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)聯(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)聯(lian)(lian)合騰訊(xun)、英(ying)(ying)(ying)特(te)爾、中(zhong)(zhong)興通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)了騰訊(xun)視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)vCDN下(xia)(xia)沉的(de)驗證(zheng)。經(jing)過(guo)測試(shi)發現(xian)，經(jing)過(guo)本地(di)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)云(yun)(yun)節點針對(dui)(dui)騰訊(xun)視(shi)頻(pin)(pin)的(de)終(zhong)(zhong)端訪問平(ping)(ping)均(jun)往返時(shi)間和(he)終(zhong)(zhong)端HTTP平(ping)(ping)均(jun)下(xia)(xia)載速率均(jun)得到(dao)(dao)(dao)明顯改善和(he)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)。

圖2 中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)天(tian)津邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心(xin)測(ce)試(shi)床(chuang)騰訊視(shi)頻(pin)vCDN測(ce)試(shi)對比數(shu)(shu)據(ju)以終為(wei)(wei)(wei)始，全國(guo)(guo)廣(guang)布邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)計(ji)算節點此(ci)次(ci)天(tian)津測(ce)試(shi)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)建設和(he)(he)測(ce)試(shi)部署，為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)2018年(nian)開(kai)展(zhan)全國(guo)(guo)范圍內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)樣板網(wang)絡推廣(guang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)打下(xia)了堅實的(de)(de)(de)基礎。據(ju)了解，在(zai)(zai)2017年(nian)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)已經(jing)在(zai)(zai)天(tian)津、浙(zhe)江、上(shang)海、成(cheng)都(dou)、廣(guang)東、重慶等(deng)多(duo)個(ge)省市開(kai)展(zhan)了業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)多(duo)樣的(de)(de)(de)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心(xin)或計(ji)算平臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)點啟動工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。未(wei)來幾年(nian)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)將(jiang)計(ji)劃(hua)建成(cheng)6000個(ge)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心(xin)，打造以區(qu)域(yu)、本地、邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心(xin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)基礎的(de)(de)(de)彈性網(wang)絡，驅動5G網(wang)絡重構(gou)(gou)(gou)。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)，運營商在(zai)(zai)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)計(ji)算產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)圈中(zhong)扮演著關(guan)鍵角色，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)致力(li)于(yu)做大(da)相關(guan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)，在(zai)(zai)加(jia)強管道能(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)基礎之上(shang)，進一步拓展(zhan)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)平臺(tai)能(neng)力(li)，提供業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)支(zhi)撐(cheng)及商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)孵化能(neng)力(li)。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)也同樣認識(shi)到，相關(guan)技(ji)術和(he)(he)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)熟仍(reng)然面臨諸多(duo)挑戰。例如當(dang)前的(de)(de)(de)很多(duo)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心(xin)設備仍(reng)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)完(wan)全滿足邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)改造需求、邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)計(ji)算生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境相對封閉(bi)、產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)不(bu)(bu)成(cheng)熟、邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)計(ji)算標準(zhun)仍(reng)不(bu)(bu)完(wan)善等(deng)。因此(ci)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)希望(wang)同包(bao)括(kuo)英特爾在(zai)(zai)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)合作(zuo)(zuo)伙(huo)伴開(kai)展(zhan)廣(guang)泛合作(zuo)(zuo)，全力(li)加(jia)速生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)圈的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，消除邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心(xin)面臨的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種技(ji)術瓶頸，探(tan)索更利(li)于(yu)大(da)規模(mo)部署和(he)(he)商用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)式。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)還將(jiang)借助(zhu)混改的(de)(de)(de)東風，依靠(kao)未(wei)來數(shu)(shu)以千計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心(xin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)優勢資源，聚焦大(da)視(shi)頻(pin)、VR/AR、工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)物聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)、車聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)等(deng)高帶寬、低時延業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)，秉承開(kai)放合作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)理念，全力(li)構(gou)(gou)(gou)建統(tong)一的(de)(de)(de)Edge-Cloud資源池和(he)(he)Edge-Cloud邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)。獲取(qu)《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)平臺(tai)架構(gou)(gou)(gou)及產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)白皮(pi)書》完(wan)整版，請點擊鏈(lian)接(jie)：//connect.intel.com/COS-ChinaUnicomEdgeR/AR、工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)物聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)、車聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)等(deng)高帶寬、低時延業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)，秉承開(kai)放合作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)理念，全力(li)構(gou)(gou)(gou)建統(tong)一的(de)(de)(de)Edge-Cloud資源池和(he)(he)Edge-Cloud邊(bian)(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)。

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