UPS是(shi)UninterruptiblePowerSupply的(de)(de)(de)(de)簡稱，也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)我(wo)(wo)們常說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)UPS不間斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。它(ta)是(shi)一(yi)種含(han)有儲能裝置、以(yi)逆(ni)變器為主要(yao)組(zu)成部分的(de)(de)(de)(de)恒壓恒頻(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)設備，是(shi)通信(xin)設備、計(ji)算機系統等不得斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系統不可缺少的(de)(de)(de)(de)外圍設備之一(yi)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)是(shi)在外界中斷(duan)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，及時給計(ji)算機等設備供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，以(yi)免影響通信(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中斷(duan)、重要(yao)數(shu)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)丟失和(he)硬件的(de)(de)(de)(de)損壞。然而我(wo)(wo)們在使用(yong)UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)作為保(bao)護其他對象的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時，其UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)本(ben)身往往也(ye)(ye)會發生一(yi)些故障，如果(guo)UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)發生了故障，就(jiu)無法我(wo)(wo)們負載提供保(bao)護功能。因此我(wo)(wo)們對UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)常見故障現象的(de)(de)(de)(de)分析(xi)處理進行介紹(shao)：

問題一：有市電時(shi)UPS電源輸出(chu)正(zheng)常，而無市電時(shi)蜂鳴器(qi)長鳴，無輸出(chu)。

故障分(fen)(fen)析:從現(xian)象判(pan)斷為(wei)蓄電池和逆變器部分(fen)(fen)故障，可(ke)按以下程序檢查:

1、檢查蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，看蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池是否充電(dian)(dian)(dian)不足(zu)，若(ruo)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)不足(zu)，則要(yao)檢查是蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池本身的故障還是充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)故障。

2、若蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓正常，檢查逆(ni)變器(qi)(qi)驅動電(dian)(dian)(dian)路工作(zuo)是否正常，若驅動電(dian)(dian)(dian)路輸出正常，說明逆(ni)變器(qi)(qi)損(sun)壞。

3、若(ruo)逆(ni)變(bian)器驅動電(dian)(dian)路工作不(bu)正常，則檢查波形產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)路有無(wu)PWM控(kong)制信(xin)號輸(shu)出，若(ruo)有控(kong)制信(xin)號輸(shu)出，說明(ming)故障在(zai)逆(ni)變(bian)器驅動電(dian)(dian)路。

4、若波形產生電路無PWM控制信號輸出，則(ze)檢查(cha)其輸出是(shi)否因保護電路工作而封(feng)鎖，若有(you)則(ze)查(cha)明保護原因;

5、若保護電(dian)路沒有工作且工作電(dian)壓正常，而波形產生電(dian)路無PWM波形輸(shu)出則說明波形產生電(dian)路損(sun)壞

上述排故順(shun)序(xu)也可倒(dao)過來進行，有時能更快發現故障(zhang)。

問題二：逆變器功(gong)率級一對功(gong)放晶體管損壞，更換同型號晶體管后(hou)，運(yun)行一段時(shi)間又燒壞的原(yuan)因(yin)(yin)是(shi)電(dian)流過大，而(er)引起電(dian)流過大的原(yuan)因(yin)(yin)有:

1、過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)保護失效。當逆變器輸出發(fa)生過(guo)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)時(shi)，過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)保護電(dian)路不起作用;

2、脈寬調制(PWM)組件故障，輸出的兩(liang)路互(hu)補(bu)波形不對稱(cheng)，一個(ge)(ge)導(dao)通(tong)時(shi)間長(chang)，而另(ling)一個(ge)(ge)導(dao)通(tong)時(shi)間短，使兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)工(gong)作不平(ping)衡，甚至兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)同時(shi)導(dao)通(tong)，造成兩(liang)管損壞;

3、功(gong)(gong)率管(guan)參(can)數(shu)相差較大(da)，此時即(ji)使輸入(ru)對稱(cheng)(cheng)波形，輸出(chu)也會不(bu)對稱(cheng)(cheng)，該(gai)波形經輸出(chu)變壓器，造(zao)成偏磁(ci)，即(ji)磁(ci)通不(bu)平衡(heng)，積(ji)累下(xia)去導致變壓器飽和(he)而電流驟增，燒壞功(gong)(gong)率管(guan)，而一只燒壞，另一只也隨之燒壞。

問題三：蓄電(dian)池電(dian)壓(ya)偏低，但開機充電(dian)十多(duo)小時(shi)，蓄電(dian)池電(dian)壓(ya)仍(reng)充不上去。

故障(zhang)分析:從現(xian)象(xiang)判斷為蓄電池(chi)或充(chong)電電路故障(zhang)，可按以下(xia)步驟(zou)檢查:

1、檢查(cha)充電(dian)電(dian)路輸(shu)入輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)壓是(shi)否(fou)正常;

2、若(ruo)充(chong)電電路輸入正常，輸出不正常，斷(duan)開蓄電池再測，若(ruo)仍(reng)不正常則(ze)為充(chong)電電路故(gu)障;

3、若斷開蓄電池后充電電路輸(shu)入、輸(shu)出均正常(chang)，則說明蓄電池已(yi)因(yin)長期未充電、過放或已(yi)到壽命期等(deng)原因(yin)而損壞。

問題(ti)四：UPS電源開機后，面板上無(wu)任何顯(xian)示，UPS電源不工(gong)作。

故障(zhang)分析:從(cong)故障(zhang)現(xian)象判斷，其(qi)故障(zhang)在市電(dian)(dian)輸入、蓄電(dian)(dian)池及市電(dian)(dian)檢測部分及蓄電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓檢測回路:

1、檢查市電輸入(ru)保險絲是否燒毀;

2、若市電(dian)輸入保險絲完好，檢查蓄(xu)電(dian)池保險是否(fou)燒毀，因為某(mou)些UPS當(dang)自檢不到蓄(xu)電(dian)池電(dian)壓時，會將UPS的所(suo)有輸出及顯示(shi)關閉;

3、若蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)保險完(wan)好，檢(jian)查市(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)檢(jian)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)路工(gong)作是(shi)否正(zheng)常，若市(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)檢(jian)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)路工(gong)作不(bu)(bu)正(zheng)常且UPS不(bu)(bu)具備無市(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)啟動功能時，UPS同樣(yang)會關閉(bi)所有輸出及顯示。

4、若市(shi)檢(jian)(jian)測電路工作正常，再檢(jian)(jian)查蓄電池電壓檢(jian)(jian)測電路是否(fou)正常。

問題五：在市電(dian)供(gong)電(dian)正(zheng)常時(shi)開啟UPS電(dian)源，逆變(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)工作指示燈閃爍，蜂鳴器(qi)(qi)發(fa)出間斷叫聲(sheng)，UPS電(dian)源只能(neng)工作在逆變(bian)(bian)狀(zhuang)態，不能(neng)轉換(huan)到市電(dian)工作狀(zhuang)態。

故障分(fen)析:不(bu)能(neng)進行逆變供電(dian)向市(shi)電(dian)供電(dian)轉(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)，說明逆變供電(dian)向市(shi)電(dian)供電(dian)轉(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)部分(fen)出(chu)現了故障，要重點(dian)檢測(ce):

1、市(shi)電輸入保險絲是否損壞;

2、若市電(dian)輸(shu)入保險(xian)絲完好，檢(jian)查市電(dian)整流濾波電(dian)路(lu)輸(shu)出是否(fou)正常;

3、若(ruo)市電(dian)整流濾波電(dian)路(lu)輸出正常，檢(jian)查市電(dian)檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)路(lu)是否正常;

4、若(ruo)市電檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)電路正(zheng)常，再檢(jian)(jian)查逆變(bian)供(gong)電向市電供(gong)電轉換控制輸出是否正(zheng)常。

問(wen)題六：一臺后備UPS有(you)市(shi)電時工作正常，無市(shi)電時逆變(bian)(bian)器(qi)有(you)輸出(chu)，但輸出(chu)電壓偏低，同(tong)時變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)發出(chu)較大的噪(zao)音。

故障分析:逆變器有輸出說明末級驅動(dong)電路基本正常，變壓器有噪(zao)音說明推挽電路的兩臂(bei)工作不對稱，檢測(ce)步驟如下:

1、檢(jian)查(cha)功率是(shi)否正常;

2、若功率正(zheng)常，再檢查脈寬輸出電(dian)路(lu)輸出信號是否正(zheng)常;

3、若脈寬輸出電(dian)路輸出正常，再檢查驅動電(dian)路的輸出是否(fou)正常。

問題七(qi)：在接(jie)入市電(dian)的(de)情況下(xia)，每(mei)次打開UPS不間斷電(dian)源，便聽到繼電(dian)器(qi)(qi)反復的(de)動(dong)作聲，UPS電(dian)源面板電(dian)池電(dian)壓過低指示燈長亮(liang)且蜂鳴器(qi)(qi)長鳴。

根據上述故障現象(xiang)可以判斷:該故障是(shi)由蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過低，從而導致UPS啟動(dong)不成功(gong)(gong)而造成的。拆下蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，先(xian)進(jin)行均(jun)衡(heng)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(所有蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池并聯(lian)進(jin)行充電(dian)(dian)(dian))，若仍(reng)不成功(gong)(gong)，則只有更(geng)換蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。

問題八：UPS電(dian)源只能由(you)市電(dian)供電(dian)而(er)不能轉為(wei)逆變(bian)供電(dian)。

故障(zhang)分析:不能進行市(shi)電(dian)(dian)向逆變供(gong)電(dian)(dian)轉換(huan)，說明市(shi)電(dian)(dian)向逆變供(gong)電(dian)(dian)轉換(huan)部(bu)分出現故障(zhang)，要重點檢測:

1、蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)壓是否過低，蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)保險絲是否完好;

2、若蓄電(dian)池部分正常，檢查蓄電(dian)池電(dian)壓檢測電(dian)路是否(fou)正常;

若蓄電(dian)池電(dian)壓檢(jian)測電(dian)路正常，再檢(jian)查市電(dian)向逆變(bian)供電(dian)轉換控(kong)制輸出是否正常。

問(wen)題九：后備(bei)式UPS電(dian)源當負(fu)載(zai)接(jie)近(jin)滿(man)載(zai)時，市電(dian)供電(dian)正常，而蓄電(dian)池供電(dian)時蓄電(dian)池保險絲熔斷(duan)。

故障分析:蓄(xu)電池(chi)保險絲熔斷，說明蓄(xu)電池(chi)供電流過大，檢測步驟如下:

1、逆變器是否擊(ji)穿;

2、蓄(xu)電池電壓是否過低;

3、若蓄(xu)電(dian)池電(dian)壓過低，再檢測蓄(xu)電(dian)池充電(dian)電(dian)路(lu)是(shi)否正常;

4、若(ruo)蓄電池充電電路(lu)正常(chang)，再(zai)檢測蓄電池電壓檢測電路(lu)工作是否正常(chang)。

如以上針對(dui)UPS電(dian)(dian)源常見(jian)各種(zhong)維修故障(zhang)分析思路依然(ran)無法讓您(nin)(nin)解決(jue)您(nin)(nin)的(de)UPS不(bu)間(jian)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)源故障(zhang)問題，可直接致電(dian)(dian)易事特UPS總部或者(zhe)所屬各地區的(de)客戶服(fu)務中心(xin)，我們將您(nin)(nin)竭誠(cheng)為提供優質服(fu)務。

文章編輯：CobiNet(寧波)  
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